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Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Why Should You Verify Research Identified by AI?

Before using AI, be sure to see the Overview page of this guide for information on Franklin University's AI policy - make sure you are permitted to use AI for research before doing so.

Assuming you are permitted to use AI for research in your course, you should never solely rely on AI's research findings. First, this is because you should use AI as a tool, or aid, to help you with your research rather than a replacement for conducting research and reviewing and interpreting articles.

Another reason you should verify AI identified articles is that AI is subject to hallucinations - which means it may invent articles when responding to your research query. See the Ethical Concerns page of this guide for more information about hallucinations. Instructors will check your articles to verify your research, so you want to make sure that an article you cite really exists. 

The box below on this page discusses how to do so.

Finding Articles - How Can You Verify Research Identified by AI?

The library is often contacted by people looking for non-existent articles - either students who have (likely) found the article from using AI or instructors who are trying to verify an article cited by a student in a paper. This box explains how you can search for these articles to verify whether they actually exist (and access them if they exist and are available through the library). 

Note: Just because AI provides a citation for an article does not mean that the article actually exists.

You can search for articles a number of ways, as explained in the other tabs of this box. If you try multiple of these methods and are unable to find the article, it is likely a hallucination.

You can use Google Scholar to search for an article by title. 

Note: This will only work for scholarly articles indexed by Google Scholar.

Type (or paste) the article title in the search box and click on the search icon.

  • The search results page will display a list of articles based on Google's search of its database.
  • Look at the article titles and see if any of them match the title of the article you are looking for.
  • You can click on the "cite" link below the article to see the citation of the article for additional information about the author, journal, and date of publication to ensure a match.

If you have linked your Franklin University account to Google Scholar you may see a "Read@Franklin University" link on the right side of the results page which will let you access the article through the library's databases.

You can search for an article by title using the OneSearch search box on the library's home page.

Note: This will only work for articles which are available through one of the library's databases which is indexed through this search box.

On the Library's home page, scroll down until you see the search box under "search articles, books & more. . ." Type or paste the article title in the search box and click on the search icon

  • See if the results page gives a match for the article you are looking for.
  • You can find additional information, such as author, journal, and year under the title.

You can use an article's citation to look for the article by searching in the library's Journal Finder

Note: If AI provides you with information about an article, but does not provide a citation, you should ask it to provide a citation for an article. However, just because AI provides a citation does not mean the article actually exists; similarly, just because AI provides a citation for an article in a journal which actually exists does not mean that the journal actually published that article. 

Note: This method only works for journals which are indexed in the library's journal finder database.

Go to the library's Journal Finder by clicking on the "Journals" link on the left menu of the library site. (If you don't see "Journals", click on the plus sign next to "Library" on the left hand menu.)

Type the title of the journal in the search box (under "add search term"), and click the search button.

  • If the library has access to the journal, the results screen will list the journal name, as well as the database(s) providing access
  • Next to the database name, the results screen will list the years of that journal which you can access through the database
  • Select a database where the years listed include the year that the citation gives for the article and click on the database name
  • This will open the database page. Databases list the journal contents differently, but you should see a list of the years the database provides access to. If necessary, click on the plus sign next to the year of the article you are looking for to expand the journal's content for that year.
  • Find the issue (whether by number or date) which matches the citation and open it up to see the issue's contents (again, this will differ by database, but may require clicking on the issue number or clicking a plus sign next to the issue)
  • Scroll through the contents of the issue to see if there is an article matching the title of the article you are looking for. 
  • If the article is listed, you can click on the article link to open the article.

You can use an article's citation to search for the journal on the web.

Note: While most current journals will have a web presence, older journals - or journals which have ceased publication - may not. 

Type the journal name into a search engine (such as DuckDuckGo).

  • The results page may list pages with information about the journal, or other journals with similar names.
  • Identify the journal's web page - click on multiple search results if necessary until you see the journal's website.
  • Different publishers set journal pages up differently, so there is not a single way to identify content.
  • However, often you will see a menu option for "archives" or "previous issues". Click on the link for archive/previous issues and navigate through until you see the volume/issue listed in the citation. Click on that link to see if it lists the article you are looking for. 
  • You may also see a search box on the site which will let you search for the article by title.
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